The 2K22 Tunguska (Russian: 2К22 "Тунгуска") is a Soviet tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun armed with a surface-to-air gun and missile system. It is designed to provide day and night protection for infantry and tank regiments against low-flying aircraft, helicopters, and cruise missiles in all weather conditions. The NATO reporting name for the missile used by the weapon system is SA-19 "Grison".

The 2S6 Tunguska (Western reporting name SA-19 or Grison) is a Russian low-level air-defense system designed to replace the ZSU-23-4 Shilka and 9K31 Strela-1/1M2 systems. It was developed in the mid-'70s and first prototypes were completed in 1980. The Tunguska was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1982.

Main Features

• Armed with twin 30 mm guns and four 9M331 short-range surface-to-air missiles on each side
• 30 mm guns have a combined rate of fire of 5,000 rounds per minute
• Original Tunguska fitted with 9M311 missiles with semi-active radar guidance
• Missiles effective against low-flying aircraft and helicopters with a hit probability of 65%
• Armor protects against small arms fire and artillery shell splinters
• Crew of four: commander, gunner, operator, and driver
• Powered by a V-46 diesel engine developing 780 hp
• Hydropneumatic suspension with adjustable ground clearance
• Can fire guns on the move but must be stationary to fire missiles

Variants

• 2S6M Tunguska-M (adopted in 1990)
• 2S6M1 Tunguska-M1 (further improved variant with better fire control system, entered service in 2003)
• Upgraded variant with new 57E6 missiles (range up to 18 km)
• Pantsyr (further development of Tunguska, based on an 8x8 cross-country truck, adopted in 2007-2008)