The GBU-12 Paveway II is a precision-guided bomb based on the Mk-82 bomb that has been widely used by various countries and air forces around the world. It is part of the Paveway family of laser-guided munitions, designed to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of air-to-ground strikes.

Key Characteristics:

• Based on the Mk 82 500-pound general purpose bomb.
• Equipped with a nose-mounted laser seeker and guidance fins.
• Part of the Paveway series of laser-guided munitions.
• Entered into service around 1976.
• In use by the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, and other air forces.
• Upgraded versions include GPS guidance modes.
• Commonly used and compatible with various aircraft, including B-52, A-10, F-15E, and F/A-18.
• Possesses precision guidance, achieving a low circular error probable (CEP).
• Utilizes "bang-bang" guidance, featuring full deflection of fins for cost-effective performance.

Development and Deployment:

The GBU-12 Paveway II originated from the Vietnam War, driven by the need for lighter and more maneuverable laser-guided bombs. Produced by Lockheed Martin and Raytheon, it has been used in various conflicts, including the Gulf War, with a high hit rate. The weapon's guidance system offers enhanced accuracy, making it a widely used smart munition.